Rosacea

Rosacea is a long-term skin condition that mainly affects the face, causing redness, flushing, and sometimes pimples. It is not contagious and is not caused by poor hygiene.

Identifying Triggers

Managing rosacea often starts with identifying and minimizing factors that cause flushing. Common triggers include:

• Sun exposure (UVA and UVB) - Daily high-factor SPF is essential.
• Hot drinks and spicy foods.
• Alcohol (particularly red wine).
• Extreme temperatures (hot or cold) and wind.
• Stress and intense exercise.

Subtypes and Treatments

Subtype	Presentation	Medical Management
Erythematotelangiectatic	Flushing, persistent redness, visible blood vessels.	Brimonidine gel (for redness), Laser therapy (IPL/PDL).
Papulopustular	Redness with acne-like bumps (but no blackheads).	Topical Ivermectin, Metronidazole, or Azelaic Acid. Oral Doxycycline for severe cases.
Phymatous	Skin thickening, usually on the nose (rhinophyma).	Surgical or laser reshaping. Isotretinoin early on.
Ocular	Watery, bloodshot, gritty eyes.	Lid hygiene, artificial tears, oral antibiotics. Requires ophthalmologist review if severe.