Acne Vulgaris

Acne is an inflammatory condition of the pilosebaceous unit. Understanding the type of acne you have is crucial to selecting the right treatment.

Types of Acne Lesions

  • Comedones: Open (blackheads) and closed (whiteheads). Caused by blocked pores. Best treated with retinoids or salicylic acid.
  • Papules & Pustules: Red bumps and pus-filled spots. Inflammatory lesions that respond well to benzoyl peroxide or antibiotics.
  • Nodules & Cysts: Deep, painful, large lumps. High risk of scarring. Often requires systemic treatment like Isotretinoin.

Treatment Timeline

Patience is Key

No acne treatment works overnight. Most topical treatments take 8 to 12 weeks of consistent daily use to show significant improvement. In the first 2-4 weeks, the skin may appear worse (purging) or become dry and irritated.

Treatment Options Overview

SeverityFirst-line Treatment OptionsMechanism
MildTopical Retinoid OR Benzoyl PeroxideUnblocks pores / Antibacterial
ModerateTopical Combination (e.g., Epiduo) OR Oral Antibiotics (Lymecycline)Reduces inflammation and bacteria
Severe / ScarringOral Isotretinoin (Roaccutane) - Specialist onlyShrinks sebaceous glands

If your acne is causing psychological distress or beginning to scar, you should see a doctor promptly rather than relying solely on over-the-counter skincare.