Psoriasis

Psoriasis is an immune-mediated condition that causes the body to produce new skin cells too rapidly, resulting in thick, scaly plaques.

Common Types

Chronic Plaque Psoriasis

The most common form (approx 80-90%). Presents as well-defined red patches covered with silvery scales, typically on the elbows, knees, scalp, and lower back.

Guttate Psoriasis

Characterized by small, drop-like lesions primarily on the trunk. Often triggered by a streptococcal throat infection, especially in children and young adults.

The Step-Wise Treatment Ladder

Treatment depends on the severity and impact on quality of life.

  1. Topical Therapies: Corticosteroids, Vitamin D analogues (e.g., Calcipotriol), coal tar, and dithranol. Used for mild to moderate disease.
  2. Phototherapy (UVB): Used when topicals are insufficient or the condition is widespread. Requires regular hospital visits for several weeks.
  3. Systemic Non-Biologics: Oral medications like Methotrexate, Cyclosporine, or Acitretin for moderate to severe cases.
  4. Biologic Therapies: Targeted injectable treatments (e.g., Adalimumab, Secukinumab) for severe psoriasis that fails to respond to other treatments.

Psoriatic Arthritis

Up to 30% of people with psoriasis develop psoriatic arthritis, causing joint pain, stiffness, and swelling. If you experience these symptoms, inform your doctor promptly, as early treatment prevents permanent joint damage.